The Cybiko Computer:

Precursor to Today’s Mobile Devices?

Abstract

Developed by Montfort and Bogost (2009) for their research on the Atari Video Computer System, platform studies analyzes the hardware and software environment through which media are interacted with. However, there needs to be more research in this area focusing on early mobile media platforms. This article considers the Cybiko Computer, a short-lived handheld computer marketed primarily to youth in the United States in the early 2000s. Featuring a monochrome LCD screen and a small QWERTY keyboard, the Cybiko was an early example of a device capable of various gaming, utility, and communication functions through numerous applications well before such multifunctionality became standard among mobile devices. These many applications were provided for free through Cybiko’s website, similar to modern app stores. The device was also promoted as an open platform for developers, leading to a variety of 3rd party applications. The Cybiko could also serve as an MP3 player via an add-on accessory. These features, mirroring those of later smartphone devices, should have seemingly ensured Cybiko's success. However, ineffective and inconsistent marketing, lack of cellular connectivity, and the rapid release of an upgraded version one year after the device’s debut led to its failure. Despite this, the Cybiko is a significant case study providing insight into how a device ahead of its time in terms of features can fail to gain wide adoption.